The center of gravity in Roman studies has shifted far from the upper echelons of government and administration in Rome or the Emperor's court to the provinces and the individual. The multi-disciplinary studies presented in this volume reflect the turn in Roman history to the identities of ethnic groups and even single individuals who lived in Rome's vast multinational empire. The purpose is less to discover another element in the Roman Empire's "success" in governance than to illuminate the variety of individual experience in its own terms. The chapters here, reflecting a wide spectrum of professional expertise, range across the many cultures, languages, religions and literatures of the Roman Empire, with a special focus on the Jews as a test-case for the larger issues.

Temporal Information Systems in Medicine introduces the engineering of information systems for medically-related problems and applications. The chapters are organized into four parts; fundamentals, temporal reasoning & maintenance in medicine, time in clinical tasks, and the display of time-oriented clinical information. The chapters are self-contained with pointers to other relevant chapters or sections in this book when necessary. Time is of central importance and is a key component of the engineering process for information systems. This book is designed as a secondary text or reference book for upper -undergraduate level students and graduate level students concentrating on computer science, biomedicine and engineering. Industry professionals and researchers working in health care management, information systems in medicine, medical informatics, database management and AI will also find this book a valuable asset.

Temporal Information Systems in Medicine introduces the engineering of information systems for medically-related problems and applications. The chapters are organized into four parts; fundamentals, temporal reasoning & maintenance in medicine, time in clinical tasks, and the display of time-oriented clinical information. The chapters are self-contained with pointers to other relevant chapters or sections in this book when necessary. Time is of central importance and is a key component of the engineering process for information systems. This book is designed as a secondary text or reference book for upper -undergraduate level students and graduate level students concentrating on computer science, biomedicine and engineering. Industry professionals and researchers working in health care management, information systems in medicine, medical informatics, database management and AI will also find this book a valuable asset.

The European Society for Arti?cial Intelligence in Medicine (AIME) was - tablished in 1986 following a very successful workshop held in Pavia, Italy, the year before. The principal aims of AIME are to foster fundamental and applied research in the application of arti?cial intelligence (AI) techniques to medical care and medical research, and to provide a forum at biennial conferences for discussing any progress made. For this reason the main activity of the society wastheorganizationofaseriesofbiennialconferences, heldinMarseilles, France (1987), London, UK (1989), Maastricht, The Netherlands (1991), Munich, G- many (1993), Pavia, Italy (1995), Grenoble, France (1997), Aalborg, Denmark (1999), Cascais, Portugal(2001), Protaras, Cyprus(2003), Aberdeen, UK(2005), and Amsterdam, The Netherlands (2007). This volume contains the proceedings of AIME 2009, the 12th Conference on Articial Intelligence in Medicine, held in Verona, Italy, July 18-22, 2009. The AIME 2009 goalswereto present and consolidate the internationalstate of the art of AI in biomedical research from the perspectives of theory, meth- ology, and application. The conference included two invited lectures, full and short papers, tutorials, workshops, and a doctoral consortium. In the conference announcement, authors were solicited to submit originalcontributions regarding the developmentoftheory, techniques, andapplications ofAI in biomedicine, - cluding the exploitation of AI approaches to molecular medicine and biomedical informaticsandto healthcareorganizationalaspects. Authorsofpapersaddre- ing theory were requested to describe the properties of novel AI methodologies potentially useful for solving biomedical

The European Societies for Arti cial Intelligence in Medicine (AIME) and M- ical Decision Making (ESMDM) were both established in 1986.A major activity of both these societies has been a series of international conferences, held bi- nially over the last 13 years. In the year 1999 the two societies organized a joint conference for the r st time. It took place from June 20{24th, 1999 in Aalborg, Denmark. This \Joint European Conference on Arti cial Intelligence in Medicine and Medical Decision Making (AIMDM'99)" was the seventh conference for each of thetwosocieties.ThisconferencefollowstheAIMEconferencesheldinMarseilles (1987), London (1989), Maastricht (1991), Munich (1993), Pavia (1995), and Grenoble(1997).PreviousESMDMconferenceshavebeenheldinLeiden(1986), Copenhagen (1988), Glasgow (1990), Marburg (1992), Lille (1994), and Torino (1996). The AIMDM conference is the major forum for the presentation and d- cussion of new ideas in the areas of Arti cial Intelligence and Medical Decision Making in Medicine. This ful lls the aims of both societies. The aims of AIME are to foster fundamental and applied researchin the applicationof Arti cial - telligence (AI) techniques to medicalcareandmedicalresearch, andto providea forum for reporting signi cant results achieved. ESMDM's aims are to promote research and training in medical decision-making, and to provide a forum for circulating ideas and programs of related interest. In the AIMDM'99 conference announcement, authors were encouraged to submit original contributions to the development of theory, techniques, and - plications of both AI in medicine (AIM) and medical decision making (MDM).

The center of gravity in Roman studies has shifted far from the upper echelons of government and administration in Rome or the Emperor's court to the provinces and the individual. The multi-disciplinary studies presented in this volume reflect the turn in Roman history to the identities of ethnic groups and even single individuals who lived in Rome's vast multinational empire. The purpose is less to discover another element in the Roman Empire's 'success' in governance than to illuminate the variety of individual experience in its own terms. The chapters here, reflecting a wide spectrum of professional expertise, range across the many cultures, languages, religions and literatures of the Roman Empire, with a special focus on the Jews as a test-case for the larger issues. This title is also available as Open Access on Cambridge Core.